Tuesday, October 14, 2014

Pharmacognosy Qusen for Final term Exam


Final term examination of Pharmacognosy

1.      Define Pharmacognosy. Describe history and scope of Pharmacognosy.
2.      Write down the official, non-official and unofficial drug with example.
3.      Classify crude drugs according to morphology of plants.

4.      What do you mean by drug evaluation? Describe the official methods of drug evaluation.
5.      Define drug adulteration. Describe the methods of drug adulteration.

6.      Write down the collection, Drying and packaging steps of herbal drug.
7.      Write down the importance of trees in Health care.
8.      How crude drugs should be stored ?

9.      Write down the cardiac glycoside ? classify glycoside.
10.  What is cardiac constituents , mechanism and use of Digitalis.
11.  How Digitalis plans should  be cultivated.

12.  Write a short note on belladonna and belsam tolu.
13.  Write down the methods of obtaining volatile oil by plant analysis.
14.  Write down the use and constituents of olive oil and castor oil.

15.  Define surgical dressings. Describe about the gauge and bandage.
16.  Write down the chemical test and adulteration of Isapgol and acacia.

17.  Write down a short note on Rauwolfia.

Monday, September 1, 2014

Thursday, January 16, 2014

Busulphan

Busulphan





Introduction :

Busulphan is a bifunctional cytotoxic alkylating agent and prototype agent of alkyl sulfonates. Busulphan is a antineoplastic agent, also known as anticancerous drug, unrelated to nitrogen mustards. All alkylating agents have or can form an alkyl group that becomes covalently bound to cellular constituents. Busulphan is used in combination of different types of anticancerous drugs to obtain better therapeutic effects and to reduce the side effects or toxicities.



PharmacoKinetics: 

Volume of distribution is found to be 0.99l/kg and plasma protien binding is 7.4%. and metabolism is reported extensive. Renal Excretion accounts for 10-50% (inactive etabolite), 1% (unchaged) and plasma half life is 2-3 hr.


Indications :
Busulphan is primarily indicated in conditions like Chronic myeloid leukaemia, Granulocytic leukemia, Polycythemia vera, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Myelofibrosis, Thrombocythaemia.






Aspirin







Aspirin
Definition: - Aspirin is a non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drug (NSAIDs). It’s relieves pain and reduces fever.
The chemical name of aspirin is Acetyl salicylic acid.

Properties of aspirin:-
                                                                                   i.         Analgesic.
                                                                                 ii.         Anti-pyretic.
                                                                               iii.         Anti-inflammation.
                                                                               iv.         Thrombosis in artery.
                                                                                 v.         Platelets aggregation.


Use or Indication of aspirin:-
1.     Myocardial infection.
2.     After bypass surgery.
3.     Headache
4.     Dysmenorrhea
5.     Influenza.
6.     Toothache
7.     Cold, fever.



Dosage and administration of aspirin:
ü  Normal dose: 300 mg 3 times daily.
ü  In. Rh fever: 5 mg/kg/day (300mg day of 60 kg man)
ü  In. Rh arthritis: 4- 6 mg /day.


Strength:
ü  300 mg
ü  75 mg