Rifampicin

Rifampicin    Apex_302

Definition :- Rifampicin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and highly effective anti-tubercular drug. It is tuberculocidal (kill semidorment bacilli).

Pharmacokinetics of Rifampicin

Ø Rout of administration: oral (capsule)

Ø Absorption : Well absorption from the gut , widely distributed.

Ø Peak plasma conc : 2-4 hours of administration.

Ø Metabolism : Liver (DE acylation).

Ø Excretion: Bile, faces ,urine.

Mechanism of action of Rifampicin

Rifampicin binds strongly to DNA dependent RNA polymerase thereby inhibits RNA synthesis in bacteria and thereby inhibits protein synthesis and ultimately inhibits bacterial growth and multiplication.

Indication of Rifampicin

1.    Tuberculosis.

2.    Leprosy.

3.    Prophylaxis of children with Hemophilus influenza, meningococcal disease.

4.    Streptococcal endocarditis ( Rifampicin + Penicillin )

5.    Osteomyelitis  ( Rifampicin + Cotrimoxazole )

6.    Chronic furunculosis.

Adverse effects of Rifampicin

       i.            Common side effects__

   Rash

   Fever

   Nausea

   Vomiting

  ii.            Others__

   Flu-like syndrome.

   Hepatitis may lead to jaundice.

   Epigastric distress.

   Abdominal cramps.

   Headache, Nausea, Drowsiness, dizziness.

   Ataxia, Confusion, pruritis, urticarial.

   Soreness of throat, haemolysis, haematuria.

   Renal insufficiency.

   Faeces, sputum, saliva and tear.

Contraindication of Rifampicin

                                           i.            Chronic liver disease.

                                        ii.            Hypersensitivity to Rifampicin.

                                     iii.            Patient with jaundice.

                                     iv.            Alcoholism.

                                        v.            Old age.

Drug interactions of Rifampicin