Diabetes

Diabetes

Definition of Diabetes:  Diabetes mellitus is a condition in which the pancreas no longer produces enough insulin or cells stop responding to the insulin that is produced, so that glucose in the blood cannot be absorbed into the cells of the body. Symptoms include frequent urination, lethargy, excessive thirst, and hunger. The treatment includes changes in diet, oral medications, and in some cases, daily injections of insulin.

 

Definition of Diabetes:  It is a clinical syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin . 

     

The therapeutic classification of diabetes mellitus two types :

 

1.     Type 1 diabetes ( I.D.D.M )

2.     Type 1 diabetes ( N.I.D.D.M )

Hypoglycemic agents / Anti-diabetic drug:

The  drugs that are used in the treatment and prevention of diabetes mellitus are called hypoglycemic agent.

Treatment

There is currently no cure for diabetes. The condition, however, can be managed so that patients can live a relatively normal life. Treatment of diabetes focuses on two goals: keeping blood glucose within normal range and preventing the development of long-term complications. Careful monitoring of diet, exercise, and blood glucose levels are as important as the use of insulin or oral medications in preventing complications of diabetes.

Classification of Hypoglycemic agents:

A.   Parenteral Hypoglycemic agents.

B.   Oral Hypoglycemic agents.

A.  Parenteral Hypoglycemic agents.

1.     Fast acting (5-12 hours)

2.     Intermediate actin (12-24 hours)

3.     Long actin ( 24-36 hours )

B.   Oral Hypoglycemic agents.